A language family is a classification of languages that all descend from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of the family. The ten language families with the most speakers, and examples of modern languages in the family:

We donā€™t quite know where language come from, but linguistic scholars generally hypothesize that it evolved from earlier pre-linguistic systems. It is possible that there was a single common ancestor language spoken by the first genetically modern humans in Africa, but languageā€™s use far predates writing and leaves no physical evidence, so we might never know for sure.